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Technical paper

Understanding Sam

The Samuelson Effect – backwardation in the term structure of forward volatility – can lead to valuation inaccuracies. In capturing the Samuelson Effect in energy derivatives valuation, analysts have tried both historical approaches and those that rely…

A fully lognormal Libor market model

In the Gaussian Heath-Jarrow-Morton model, all discount factors are lognormal under allforward measures. The Libor market model does not have this property – only the relevantforward Libor rate is lognormal under a given forward measure. However, all…

A Merton approach to transfer risk

Transfer risk is the risk that debtors in a country are unable to ensure timely payments of foreign currency debt service due to transfer or exchange restrictions, or a general lack of foreign currency. Although this risk is not extensively addressed in…

Problems & Solutions

There are many interesting issues surrounding credit risk that are of both practical and academic interest. The Problems and Solutions section aims to engage readers in active discussion and debate of such issues. Readers are encouraged to post questions…

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