Technical paper

Struck off

Credit default swaps (CDSs) offer protection against issuer default, and in general the protection is paid via a running spread rather than upfront. When the par spread changes, the contract cannot be unwound without leaving a default-contingent annuity…

Parameter estimation with k-means clustering

Ever since the pioneering work of Cox, Ross & Rubinstein (1979), tree models have been popular as an asset pricing method. However, statistical estimation of the parameters of tree models has been less studied. In this article, Kiseop Lee and Mingxin Xu…

Smile dynamics III

In two articles published in 2004 and 2005 in Risk, Lorenzo Bergomi assessed the structural limitations of existing models for equity derivatives and introduced a new model based on the direct modelling of the joint dynamics of the spot and the implied…

Fully flexible views: theory and practice

Attilio Meucci proposes a unified methodology to input non-linear views from any number of users in fully general non-normal markets and perform, among others, stress testing, scenario analysis and ranking allocation. He walks the reader through the…

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