Technical paper/Loss distribution approaches (LDAs)
A multiplier approach for nonparametric estimation of the extreme quantiles of compound frequency distributions
The authors propose a nonparametric method for estimating extreme quantiles of operational risk reserves by utilizing a lower quantile of the severity distribution.
On the selection of loss severity distributions to model operational risk
This paper presents truncation probability estimates for loss severity data and a consistent quantile scoring function on annual loss data as useful severity distribution selection criteria that may stabilize regulatory capital.
Estimation of losses due to cyber risk for financial institutions
The objective of this paper is to analyze cyber risk from an operational risk perspective and to measure cyber risk empirically.
Operational risk measurement: a loss distribution approach with segmented dependence
This paper proposes an approach, called the loss distribution approach with segmented dependence (LDA-SD), which can model the different dependencies of HFLI and LFHI losses in the framework of LDA.
Operational risk measurement beyond the loss distribution approach: an exposure-based methodology
In this paper, the authors present an alternative quantification technique, so-called exposure-based operational risk (EBOR) models, which aim to replace historical severity curves by measures of current exposures and use event frequencies based on…
An operational risk capital model based on the loss distribution approach
In this paper, the author constructs a capital model for operational risk based on the observation that operational losses can, under a certain dimensional transformation, converge into a single, universal distribution.
Modeling catastrophic operational risk using a compound Neyman–Scott clustering model
In this paper, the authors discuss the hazard generated by OpRisk driven by natural and human-made disasters, and argue the position of the LDA as the most-fitted statistical approach to deal with it.
Standardized measurement approach extension to integrate insurance deduction into operational risk capital requirement
The SMA proposed in BCBS (2016) presents several issues: in particular, its two components are not sufficient to discriminate banking institutions by risk profile, thus penalizing the more virtuous ones. This paper describes a possible solution to extend…
Toward an efficient people-risk capital allocation for financial firms: evidence from US banks
In this paper, the authors address the issue of an efficient people-risk capital allocation for financial institutions.
A note on the standard measurement approach versus the loss distribution approach–advanced measurement approach: the dawning of a new regulation
This paper presents a nonexhaustive review of the literature on operational risk quantification under a combination of the loss distribution approach model – the most commonly used of the AMA models – and extreme value theory.
Fast, accurate and straightforward extreme quantiles of compound loss distributions
In this paper, the author presents an easy-to-implement, fast and accurate method for approximating extreme quantiles of compound loss distributions (frequency + severity), which are commonly used in insurance and operational risk capital models.
The issues with the standardized measurement approach and a potential future direction for operational risk capital modeling
This paper discusses the criticism and praise the SMA and AMA have received, respectively, in many recent articles.
Operational risk models and asymptotic normality of maximum likelihood estimation
In this paper, the author studies how asymptotic normality does, or does not, hold for common severity distributions in operational risk models.
Optimal B-robust posterior distributions for operational risk
The aim of this paper is to integrate prior information into a robust parameter estimation via OBR-estimating functions.
Should the advanced measurement approach be replaced with the standardized measurement approach for operational risk?
This paper discusses and studies the weaknesses and pitfalls of the SMA and the implicit relationship between the SMA capital model and systemic risk in the banking sector.
Operational risk modelled analytically II: classification invariance
In a simple model, Vivien Brunel establishes the properties of an operational risk model under the requirement of classification invariance
Operational loss with correlated frequency and severity: an analytical approach
To enable autocorrelation in the frequency distribution, this paper proposes a significant generalization of the LDA model that involves treating operational risk as a Lévy jump-diffusion.
A simulation comparison of quantile approximation techniques for compound distributions popular in operational risk
The objective of this paper is to compare numerical approximation techniques in terms of their practical usefulness and potential applicability in an operational risk context.
Evaluating operational risk by an inhomogeneous counting process based on Panjer recursion
This paper proposes a new approach for determining OpVaR using an inhomogeneous counting process based on Panjer recursion as the frequency distribution.
Operational risk modelled analytically
Regulators require banks to use an internal model to compute a capital charge for operational risk, which is thought to be sensitive to assumptions on dependence between losses that still remain a matter of debate. Vivien Brunel proposes an analytical…