Stake-building

Stanley Myint and Fabrice Famery

Contents

Foreword

Introduction

1.

Theory and Practice of Corporate Risk Management

2.

Theory and Practice of Optimal Capital Structure

3.

Introduction to Funding and Capital Structure

4.

How to Obtain a Credit Rating

5.

Refinancing Risk and Optimal Debt Maturity

6.

Optimal Cash Position

7.

Optimal Leverage

8.

Introduction to Interest Rate and Inflation Risks

9.

How to Develop an Interest Rate Risk Management Policy

10.

How to Improve Your Fixed-Floating Mix and Duration

11.

Interest Rates: The Most Efficient Hedging Product

12.

Do You Need Inflation-linked Debt?

13.

Prehedging Interest Rate Risk

14.

Pension Fund Asset and Liability Management

15.

Introduction to Currency Risk

16.

How to Develop Currency Risk Management Policy

17.

Translation or Transaction: Netting Currency Risks

18.

Early Warning Signals

19.

How to Hedge High Carry Currencies

20.

Currency Risk on Covenants

21.

Optimal Currency Composition of Debt 1: Protect Book Value

22.

Optimal Currency Composition of Debt 2: Protect Leverage

23.

Cyclicality of Currencies and Use of Options to Manage Credit Utilisation

24.

Managing the Depegging Risk

25.

Currency Risk in Luxury Goods

26.

Introduction to Credit Risk

27.

Counterparty Risk Methodology

28.

Counterparty Risk Protection

29.

Optimal Deposit Composition

30.

Prehedging Credit Risk

31.

xVA Optimisation

32.

Introduction to M&A-related Risks

33.

Risk Management for M&A

34.

Deal-contingent Hedging

35.

Introduction to Commodity Risk

36.

Managing Commodity-linked Revenues and Currency Risk

37.

Managing Commodity-linked Costs and Currency Risk

38.

Commodity Input and Resulting Currency Risk

39.

Offsetting Carbon Emissions

40.

Introduction to Equity Risk

41.

Hedging Dilution Risk

42.

Hedging Deferred Compensation

43.

Stake-building

The previous two chapters of this part of the book have dealt with the risk on a company’s own shares, either through convertible issuance or through the ESOP. In this chapter, we will consider a situation where one company has exposure to a stock of another company. Substantial holdings of stocks (often called “strategic stakes”) carry with them significant volatility to the stock price, and in many cases the investor may want to reduce that volatility while maintaining some benefits of holding the stake. This risk can be managed through a variety of means, including equity derivatives.

The second novelty in this chapter has to do with the financing of strategic stakes. Since these are by definition of a substantial size, one of the first questions that the investor asks is “How can I pay for the acquisition of this stake?”. If the investor is cash-rich or willing to divest another asset to pay for the strategic stake, there is no problem. However, many investors require external funds in order to acquire the desired strategic stake.

BACKGROUND

Activist Investor Ltd (“AILTD”) is a holding company that would like to acquire a substantial holding of a media company, Mediaco

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