Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
Preface to Chapter 1
Being Two-Faced over Counterparty Credit Risk
Risky Funding: A Unified Framework for Counterparty and Liquidity Charges
DVA for Assets
Pricing CDSs’ Capital Relief
The FVA Debate
The FVA Debate: Reloaded
Regulatory Costs Break Risk Neutrality
Risk Neutrality Stays
Regulatory Costs Remain
Funding beyond Discounting: Collateral Agreements and Derivatives Pricing
Cooking with Collateral
Options for Collateral Options
Partial Differential Equation Representations of Derivatives with Bilateral Counterparty Risk and Funding Costs
In the Balance
Funding Strategies, Funding Costs
The Funding Invariance Principle
Regulatory-Optimal Funding
Close-Out Convention Tensions
Funding, Collateral and Hedging: Arbitrage-Free Pricing with Credit, Collateral and Funding Costs
Bilateral Counterparty Risk with Application to Credit Default Swaps
KVA: Capital Valuation Adjustment by Replication
From FVA to KVA: Including Cost of Capital in Derivatives Pricing
Warehousing Credit Risk: Pricing, Capital and Tax
MVA by Replication and Regression
Smoking Adjoints: Fast Evaluation of Monte Carlo Greeks
Adjoint Greeks Made Easy
Bounding Wrong-Way Risk in Measuring Counterparty Risk
Wrong-Way Risk the Right Way: Accounting for Joint Defaults in CVA
Backward Induction for Future Values
A Non-Linear PDE for XVA by Forward Monte Carlo
Efficient XVA Management: Pricing, Hedging and Allocation
Accounting for KVA under IFRS 13
FVA Accounting, Risk Management and Collateral Trading
Derivatives Funding, Netting and Accounting
Managing XVA in the Ring-Fenced Bank
XVA: A Banking Supervisory Perspective
An Annotated Bibliography of XVA
XVAs or valuation adjustments formalise the impact of trade economics on derivative prices and valuations. The three themes emphasised by the global financial crisis, those of credit, funding and capital, are also those that have found preeminence in the development of XVAs. An assessment of trade economics requires that the impact of all cashflows associated with a trade are included, whether these cashflows relate to the contractual trade itself, to supporting funding transactions or to regulatory capital.
The papers in this collection represent key steps in the understanding of economic value that has broadened from considering single-trade termsheets to including close-out netting, collateral support agreements (CSAs), funding and funding regulations, regulatory capital, central counterparties and bilateral initial margin (IM) and tax laws. Of course, this means that to price some cashflows, eg, those from the leverage ratio, consideration of the whole position of an entire bank is required. This means that fast, high-dimensional pricing methods are required. This widening of scope, in order to avoid missing cashflows, has caused debate. One notable controversy is associated
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